Defensive architecture in Boeotia involves fortified towns (whose fortifications often use ancient or early Byzantine works), castles built mostly during the Frankish and Catalan occupation, a large number of towers and fortified monasteries. The already existing research is insufficient and a large number of monuments remains unearthed or has been destroyed.

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The monastery of the Transfiguration of Christ or Sagmata monastery is built on Mount Sagmatio, northeast of the village Hypato (Syrtzi). It was founded during the 12th century and its donor was Hosios Clemens, who is considered one of the reformers of monastic life. The monastery katholikon, dedicated to the Transfiguration of Christ, belongs to the architectural type of the transitional domed four-columned cross-in-square church and a four-columned lite.

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In the beginnings of the 9th century Boeotia showed signs of economic and cultural revival, while its political significance was upgraded within the Theme of Hellas. In the 10th century, prominent figures of Boeotian monasticism, Hosios Loukas Steiriotes and Hosios Nikon Metanoeite, marked the pass from anchorite ascetic life to coenobitic one. The 11th and 12th centuries were a high point for Boeotian monasticism due to the dominant political and economic position of the region, as well as due...

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In Boeotia the oldest dated example of monumental painting is placed chronologically at the end of the 10th century in the monastery of Hosios Loukas, which up until the end of the 12th c. was adorned with superb works of art, influenced from Constantinople. The mural paintings in Thebes and Orchomenos were of an excellent quality. In the period of Frankish occupation links with new artistic centers are observed. Inside and outside Thebes are situated works of the second half of the 16th c.,...

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